EECP 體外反搏
治療原理
- EECP 全名為 Enhanced External CounterPulsation,這是一種獲得美國食品藥品監督管理局認證的非侵入性機械輔助循環設備。
- 治療過程中,利用壓力褲配合心跳進行下肢壓迫,透過機械作用提升主動脈舒張壓,降低主動脈收縮壓,不增加心臟負荷的同時,增加心臟冠狀動脈的血流量,改善心肌的代謝和功能。
- EECP與心臟的節律(收縮和舒張)同步,促進血液流向全身,尤其是心臟。
- 在治療過程中,EECP能擴大微血管網絡,特別是在阻塞的動脈附近,開發新的血流路徑,使血液能正常流入心肌。長期的EECP治療能促進心臟的血管新生,進一步改善心肌功能。
近年來,多項研究證實EECP能增加冠狀動脈血流,改善血管內皮細胞的結構和功能,防止血栓形成,並促進血管側枝循環的形成。EECP對心絞痛和心臟衰竭病人,以及其他血流微循環不佳的病人來說,是一種有效且安全的治療選擇。
治療方式
- 在接受EECP治療時,病患只需舒適地躺在專門的醫療床上,下肢和臀部以特製的氣囊套包覆,監測心電圖的信號。
- 在心臟舒張的早期階段,氣囊會由遠端至近端依序充氣,推動下肢血液回流至主動脈,提升主動脈的舒張壓,進而改善心臟、大腦等重要器官的血液供應。
- 在心臟收縮前,氣囊快速排氣,壓迫的肢體血管得以開放,使主動脈的收縮壓下降,從而降低周邊循環阻力,減輕心臟的負荷。
EECP 已被文獻證實可以治療,或幫助以下疾病:
心血管系統
- Stable and Unstable Angina (穩定型或不穩定型心絞痛)
- Congestive Heart Failure (鬱血性心衰竭)
- Coronary Artery Disease (冠狀動脈心臟病)
- 冠狀動脈置放支架後、冠狀動脈繞道手術後的輔助治療
- 上述疾病經評估不適合手術者的替代非侵入性治療,可以提高患者生活品質
- Humphreys DR. Treating angina with EECP therapy. Nurse Pract. 2003 Feb;28(2):7. doi: 10.1097⁄00006205-200302000-00002. PMID: 12630382.
- Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP): Health Technology Policy Assessment. Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care; 2006.
- Qin X, Deng Y, Wu D, Yu L, Huang R. Does Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP) Significantly Affect Myocardial Perfusion?: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis. Fukumoto Y, ed. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0151822. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151822
- Jan R, Khan A, Zahid S, et al. The Effect of Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP) on Quality of life in Patient with Coronary Artery Disease not Amenable to PCI or CABG. Cureus. Published online May 6, 2020. doi:10.7759/cureus.7987
- Zhou ZF, Wang D jie, Li XM, Zhang CL, Wu CY. Effects of enhanced external counterpulsation on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure: A meta-analysis. Medicine. 2021;100(27):e26536. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000026536
- Xu L, Cui M, Zhao W. The Effect of EECP on Ischemic Heart Failure: a Systematic Review. Curr Cardiol Rep. Published online August 29, 2023. doi:10.1007/s11886-023-01943-1
腦血管系統
- Cerebral Ischemic Stroke (缺血性腦中風)
- Neurodegenerative diseases (神經退化性疾病)
- Sleep Disorder (睡眠障礙)
- Xu J, Zhao S, Zhang H, Zheng C. Decreased Delta Event-Related Synchronization in Patients with Early Vascular Dementia. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience. 2011;42(1):53-58. doi:10.1177⁄155005941104200111
- Lin, S, Xiao-ming, W, Gui-fu, W. Expert consensus on the clinical application of enhanced external counterpulsation in elderly people (2019). Aging Med. 2020; 3: 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12097
- Li B, Liu Y, Liu J, Sun H, Feng Y, Zhang Z, Zhang L. Cerebral multi-autoregulation model based enhanced external counterpulsation treatment planning for cerebral ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2023 May 31:271678X231179542. doi: 10.1177/0271678X231179542. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37254770.
其他可能有幫助者
- 代謝疾病
- 延緩心臟疾病患者的腎功能惡化
- 改善高血壓
- 慢性疲勞者 (包含感染新冠後的疲勞)
- Sardina, P. D., Martin, J. S., Avery, J. C., & Braith, R. W. (2016). Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) improves biomarkers of glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-dependent type II diabetes mellitus for up to 3 months following treatment. Acta diabetologica, 53, 745-752.
- Sardina, P. D., Martin, J. S., Dzieza, W. K., & Braith, R. W. (2016). Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) decreases advanced glycation end products and proinflammatory cytokines in patients with non-insulin-dependent type II diabetes mellitus for up to 6 months following treatment. Acta diabetologica, 53, 753-760.
- Ruangkanchanasetr, P., Mahanonda, N., Raungratanaamporn, O., Ruckpanich, P., Kitiyakara, C., Chaiprasert, A., … & Supaporn, T. (2013). Effect of enhanced external counterpulsation treatment on renal function in cardiac patients. BMC nephrology, 14(1), 1-8.
- Gurovich, A. N., & Braith, R. W. (2013). Enhanced external counterpulsation creates acute blood flow patterns responsible for improved flow-mediated dilation in humans. Hypertension Research, 36(4), 297-305.
- Joli J, Buck P, Zipfel S, Stengel A. Post-COVID-19 fatigue: A systematic review. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:947973. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.947973
禁忌症
- 顯著的主動脈瓣關閉不全
- 全身或局部有出血傾向
- 瓣膜病、心肌病、先天性心臟病
- 多次心肌梗塞,彌漫心肌纖維化,嚴重心衰竭者
- 下肢有感染、靜脈炎或血栓形成
- 血壓過高時(收縮壓超過170mmHg,舒張壓超過100mmHg),應先用藥控制
- 頻發早搏、心房纖動、心博過速,建議先以藥物控制,經醫師評估